Imperfect - Imparfait Learn the French Past Tense

The French imperfect (imparfait) is a descriptive past tense that indicates an ongoing state of being or a repeated or incomplete action. The beginning and end of the state of being or action are not indicated, and the imperfect is very often translated in English as was or was ___-ing. The imperfect can indicate any of the following: 1. Habitual Actions or States of Being Quand jà ©tais petit, nous allions à   la plage chaque semaine. –  When I was young, we used to go to the beach every week.Lannà ©e dernià ¨re, je travaillais avec mon pà ¨re. – I worked with my father last year. 2. Physical and Emotional Descriptions: Time, Weather, Age, Feelings Il à ©tait midi et il faisait beau. –  It was noon and the weather was nice.Quand il avait 5 ans, il avait toujours faim. –  When he was 5, he was always hungry. 3. Actions or States of an Unspecified Duration Je faisais la queue parce que javais besoin de billets. –  I stood in line because I needed tickets.Il espà ©rait te voir avant ton dà ©part. –  He was hoping to see you before you left. 4.  Background Information in Conjunction With the Passà © Composà © Jà ©tais au marchà © et jai achetà © des pommes. –  I was at the market and I bought some apples.Il à ©tait à   la banque quand il la trouvà ©. –  He was at the bank when he found it. 5. Wishes or Suggestions Ah! Si jà ©tais riche! – Oh, if only I were rich!Si nous sortions ce soir? –  How about going out tonight? 6. Conditions in si Clauses Si javais de largent, jirais avec toi. – If I had some money, I would go with you.Sil voulait venir, il trouverait le moyen. –  If he wanted to come, he would find a way. 7. The Expressions à ªtre en train de and venir de in the Past Jà ©tais en train de faire la vaisselle. – I was (in the process of) doing the dishes.Il venait darriver. –  He had just arrived. Rules of Conjugation French imperfect conjugations are often easier than other tenses, as the imperfect of virtually all verbs—regular and irregular—is formed the same way: dropping the  -ons  ending from the present indicative  nous  form of the verb and adding the imperfect endings. Être (to be)  is the only irregular verb in the imperfect because the present tense  nous sommes  has no  -ons  to drop. So it has the irregular stem  Ãƒ ©t-  and uses the same endings as all other verbs. As in many other tenses,  spelling change verbs, that is, verbs which end in  -cer  and  -ger, have minor spelling changes in the imperfect. Verbs that end in  -ier  have an imperfect root that ends in i, so end with double i in the  nous  and  vous  form of the imperfect. French Imperfect Conjugations Here are the imperfect endings and conjugations for the regular verbs  parler  (to speak) and  finir  (to finish), the  -ier  verb  Ãƒ ©tudier  (to study), the spelling change verb  manger  (to eat), and the irregular verb  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be): Pronoun Ending parler parl- finir finiss- à ©tudier à ©tudi- manger mange- à ªtre à ©t- je (j') -ais parlais finissais à ©tudiais mangeais à ©tais tu -ais parlais finissais à ©tudiais mangeais à ©tais il -ait parlait finissait à ©tudiait mangeait à ©tait nous -ions parlions finissions à ©tudiions mangions à ©tions vous -iez parliez finissiez à ©tudiiez mangiez à ©tiez ils -aient parlaient finissaient à ©tudiaient mangeaient à ©taient

Features of Post Colonialism and Its Application on Four...

TERM PAPER Novel What is post colonialism?What are dominant features of post colonialism?Apply post-colonial theory on four novels Features of Post-colonial theory Application of post-colonial theory on four Post-colonial novels Abstract The aim of author is to correctly explore the definition of Postcolonial. The prominent features of post-colonial novel are explained in the next part of this assignment. Then four novels of postcolonial era are selected to apply the post-colonial theory on them. It is tried to explain these post-colonial novel in the light of postulates of post-colonial theory.Generally the term postcolonial stands for the period at the end of colonialism. It was the time†¦show more content†¦Surely, the reevaluation of national identity is an eventual and essential result of a country gaining independence from a colonial power, or a country emerging from a fledgling settler colony. It is a big undertaking for an author to claim to be a representative of entire identity and to convey postcolonial message. Each nation, province, island, state, neighborhood and individual has its own unique amalgamation of history, culture, language and tradition. Only by understanding and embracing the idea of cultural hybridity when attempting to explore the concept of national identity can any one individual, or nation, truly hope to understand or communicate the lasting effects of the colonial process. Displacement or dislocation is another key feature of post colonialism and it means displacement that occupation and other experiences linked with this process. At that time this feature of displacement was seen at large. People were leaving their homes to settle in colonies. The transportation of slaves also comes under the cover of this term. It may be a willing or unwilling displacement. Invasion and settlement is also a form of dislocation. The effects of displacement for the people who have been placed in a location, because of colonial hegemonic practices need to be reinvented in language, in narrative and in myth. This term stands for unhousedness or uncanniness. This process of displacement is disruptive and disorienting but itShow MoreRelatedEssay on Like water for chocolate6961 Words   |  28 Pagesrealistic laws of cause and effect are suspended: whereas events in realistic novels occur for reasons that are eventually made clear and lead logically to the conclusion of the plot, in magical realism events don’t follow these â€Å"normal† expectations so we often see things happening without an explanation and or reasons we can’t or don’t expect—we are left to accept even the strange without surprise. In realistic novels, characters are given individualized names, personalities, and family historiesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Deception Point Page 81 Free Essays

â€Å"As you know,† the CIA director went on, his tone sharpening, â€Å"all U.S. government entities who deal with sensitive intelligence information are governed by strict rules of secrecy-military, CIA, NSA, NRO-all of them must abide by stringent laws regarding the concealment of the data they glean and the technologies they develop. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 81 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I ask you all, yet again, why NASA-the agency currently producing the largest portion of cutting-edge aerospace, imaging, flight, software, reconnaissance, and telecom technologies used by the military and intelligence community-exists outside this umbrella of secrecy.† The President heaved a weighty sigh. The proposal was clear. Restructure NASA to become part of the U.S. military intelligence community. Although similar restructurings had happened with other agencies in the past, Herney refused to entertain the idea of placing NASA under the auspices of the Pentagon, the CIA, the NRO, or any other military directive. The National Security Council was starting to splinter on the issue, many siding with the intelligence community. Lawrence Ekstrom never looked pleased at these meetings, and this was no exception. He shot an acrimonious glare toward the CIA director. â€Å"At the risk of repeating myself, sir, the technologies NASA develops are for nonmilitary, academic applications. If your intelligence community wants to turn one of our space telescopes around and look at China, that’s your choice.† The CIA director looked like he was about to boil over. Pickering caught his eye and stepped in. â€Å"Larry,† he said, careful to keep an even tone, â€Å"every year NASA kneels before Congress and begs for money. You’re running operations with too little funding, and you’re paying the price in failed missions. If we incorporate NASA into the intelligence community, NASA will no longer need to ask Congress for help. You would be funded by the black budget at significantly higher levels. It’s a win-win. NASA will have the money it needs to run itself properly, and the intelligence community will have peace of mind that NASA technologies are protected.† Ekstrom shook his head. â€Å"On principle, I cannot endorse painting NASA with that brush. NASA is about space science; we have nothing to do with national security.† The CIA director stood up, something never done when the President was seated. Nobody stopped him. He glared down at the administrator of NASA. â€Å"Are you telling me you think science has nothing to do with national security? Larry, they are synonymous, for God’s sake! It is only this country’s scientific and technological edge that keeps us secure, and whether we like it or not, NASA is playing a bigger and bigger part in developing those technologies. Unfortunately, your agency leaks like a sieve and has proven time and again that its security is a liability!† The room fell silent. Now the administrator of NASA stood up and locked eyes with his attacker. â€Å"So you suggest locking twenty thousand NASA scientists in airtight military labs and making them work for you? Do you really think NASA’s newest space telescopes would have been conceived had it not been for our scientists’ personal desire to see deeper into space? NASA makes astonishing breakthroughs for one reason only-our employees want to understand the cosmos more deeply. They are a community of dreamers who grew up staring at starry skies and asking themselves what was up there. Passion and curiosity are what drive NASA’s innovation, not the promise of military superiority.† Pickering cleared his throat, speaking softly, trying to lower the temperatures around the table. â€Å"Larry, I’m certain the director is not talking about recruiting NASA scientists to build military satellites. Your NASA mission statement would not change. NASA would carry on business as usual, except you would have increased funding and increased security.† Pickering turned now to the President. â€Å"Security is expensive. Everyone in this room certainly realizes that NASA’s security leaks are a result of underfunding. NASA has to toot its own horn, cut corners on security measures, run joint projects with other countries so they can share the price tag. I am proposing that NASA remain the superb, scientific, nonmilitary entity it currently is, but with a bigger budget, and some discretion.† Several members of the security council nodded in quiet agreement. President Herney stood slowly, staring directly at William Pickering, clearly not at all amused with the way Pickering had just taken over. â€Å"Bill, let me ask you this: NASA is hoping to go to Mars in the next decade. How will the intelligence community feel about spending a hefty portion of the black budget running a mission to Mars-a mission that has no immediate national security benefits?† â€Å"NASA will be able to do as they please.† â€Å"Bullshit,† Herney replied flatly. Everyone’s eyes shot up. President Herney seldom used profanity. â€Å"If there is one thing I’ve learned as president,† Herney declared, â€Å"it’s that those who control the dollars control the direction. I refuse to put NASA’s purse strings in the hands of those who do not share the objectives for which the agency was founded. I can only imagine how much pure science would get done with the military deciding which NASA missions are viable.† Herney’s eyes scanned the room. Slowly, purposefully, he returned his rigid gaze to William Pickering. â€Å"Bill,† Herney sighed, â€Å"your displeasure that NASA is engaged in joint projects with foreign space agencies is painfully shortsighted. At least someone is working constructively with the Chinese and Russians. Peace on this planet will not be forged by military strength. It will be forged by those who come together despite their governments’ differences. If you ask me, NASA’s joint missions do more to promote national security than any billion-dollar spy satellite, and with a hell of a lot better hope for the future.† Pickering felt an anger welling deep within him. How dare a politician talk down to me this way! Herney’s idealism played fine in a boardroom, but in the real world, it got people killed. â€Å"Bill,† Marjorie Tench interrupted, as if sensing Pickering was about to explode, â€Å"we know you lost a child. We know this is a personal issue for you.† Pickering heard nothing but condescension in her tone. â€Å"But please remember,† Tench said, â€Å"that the White House is currently holding back a floodgate of investors who want us to open space to the private sector. If you ask me, for all its mistakes, NASA has been one hell of a friend to the intel community. You all might just want to count your blessings.† A rumble strip on the shoulder of the highway jolted Pickering’s mind back to the present. His exit was coming up. As he approached the exit for D.C., he passed a bloody deer lying dead by the side of the road. He felt an odd hesitation†¦ but he kept driving. He had a rendezvous to keep. 96 The Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial is one of the largest memorials in the nation. With a park, waterfalls, statuary, alcoves, and basin, the memorial is divided into four outdoor galleries, one for each of FDR’s terms in office. A mile from the memorial, a lone Kiowa Warrior coasted in, high over the city, its running lights dimmed. In a town boasting as many VIPs and media crews as D.C., helicopters in the skies were as common as birds flying south. Delta-One knew that as long as he stayed well outside what was known as â€Å"the dome†-a bubble of protected airspace around the White House-he should draw little attention. They would not be here long. The Kiowa was at twenty-one hundred feet when it slowed adjacent to, but not directly over, the darkened FDR Memorial. Delta-One hovered, checking his position. He looked to his left, where Delta-Two was manning the night vision telescopic viewing system. The video feed showed a greenish image of the entry drive of the memorial. The area was deserted. How to cite Deception Point Page 81, Essay examples

Election Of 1908 Essay Research Paper SmithElection free essay sample

Election Of 1908 Essay, Research Paper Smith Election of 1908 In the election of 1908 there were tree chief campaigners. His powerful voice, and this great influence on the people was why the Democrats picked William Jennings Bryan to run for President. The Republican Party picked William Howard Taft because he was thought extremely of by Theodore Roosevelt. The Third Party campaigner was Eugene Debs, who was picked by the Socialist Party. He was the lone campaigner to run for presidential term of the United States from a prison cell. There were four other campaigners. They were Eugene Chafin for the Prohibition Party, Thomas Hisgen for the Independence Party, Thomas Watson for the Populist Party, and August Gillhaus for the Socialist Labor Party. ( A History of Presidental Elections ) The two chief campaigners Taft, and Bryan campaigned all over the united provinces. Taft won most of the electoral ballots in the North. His greatest triumphs would be Pennsylvania with 30 four electoral ballots and New York with 30 nine electoral ballots. Bryan won most of the Southern States. His greatest triumph would be Texas with merely 18 electoral ballots. The greatest per centum of Popular Votes for Taft was 63 % from Maine. Bryan # 8217 ; s greatest per centum of Popular Votes was 94 % for South Carolina. Six of eight Maryland voters cast their ballots for Bryan, even though Taft won the province by six hundred and five ballots, which was about two-tenths of one per centum. ( A History of Presidental Elections ) The 1908 election stood out compared to past elections because everyone assumed that with the power Theodore Roosevelt had he would run once more and go President for a 3rd term. Roosevelt agreed with George Washington # 8217 ; s tw o term program. Washington started this because he thought that being president any longer so two footings would do you like a male monarch about. Alternatively of running once more Roosevelt picked person he thought he could swear to run the State as he would. Roosevelt could hold picked anyone and with his endorsing they likely would of won. Alternatively he picked a 50 twelvemonth old attorney from Cincinnati, Ohio. Who by quincidence he was good friends with. ( A History of Presidental Elections ) The eldritch thing about Taft was that he was neer elected to any office. He was ever appointed to places. In 1887 Taft was appointed Judge in Ohio Supreme Court. In 1890 Taft was made U.S. Solicitor General. Taft was appointed U.S. Circut Court Judge in 1892. In 1901 he was appointed Governor of the Philippines, and so Secretary of War in 1904 given to him by Roosevelt. ( Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia ) With Roosevelt endorsing Taft in the election of 1908 there was nil fillet him. The election ended with Eugene Debs with four hounded 20 thousand eight hundred 50 eight electoral ballots, William J. Bryan with one billion six hundred twenty six million four hundred 10s thousand six hundred 60s five electoral ballots, and eventually Taft with three billion two hundred 17 million six hundred 70 nine thousand one hundred 14 electoral ballots. Taft was officially the 20 7th President. ( Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia ) Appy, Christian G. , Mason, Lorna C. , DiBacco, Thomas V. , History of teh United States.Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co. , 1994 Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia. New York, Funk and Wagnalls Co. , 1993 Rosebom, Eugene H. , A History of Presidental Elections. New York, The Macmillian Co. , 1964